福建省1996-2002年出生缺陷监测研究

Birth Defect Monitoring in Fujian,China (1996-2002)

[目的]了解福建省1996年1月至2002年12月出生缺陷(BD)的流行病学特征及其变化趋势。[方法]利用出生缺陷监测网收集的资料进行统计分析。[结果]共监测围产儿22.5万人,出生缺陷发生率为75.11/万;多胎比例由1996年1.6%升至2002年3.0%,高龄孕妇(≥35岁)由1.2%升至1.3%。城镇的发生率低于乡村(2=29.31,P<0.01),男性低于女性(2=6.94,P<0.01);25岁以下、30岁以上组高于25～29岁组;唐氏综合征等城市发生率高于农村;神经管缺陷、先天性脑积水等农村发生率高于城市。[结论]7年来福建省出生缺陷总发生率无明显上升趋势。总唇裂、先天性脑积水和神经管缺陷仍是我省主要出生缺陷。出生缺陷监测是三级预防不可缺少的重要环节。

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing tendency of birth defects (BD) in Fujian (1996 - 2002). The monitoring network data were analyzed. 225 thousands perinatal infants were monitored and prevalence rate was 75.11/10 000.The percentage of the multiparity increased from 1.6% to 3.0% and that of mothers (over 35) increased from 1.2% to 1.3%.The prevalence in urban was lower than that in rural ( 2=29.31, P <0.01) and that for male was lower than female ( 2=6.94, P <0.01) and that for aged 25-29 was lower than aged <25 and ≥30.The prevalence of Down's syndrome and so on in urban were higher than that in rural, on the contrary, high prevalence rates of neural tube defects, congenital hydrocephalus and so on were in rural areas. There is no increasing tendency for the prevalence of BD from 1996 to 2002 in Fujian.And main BD are cleft lip,congenital hydrocephalus and neural tube defects.BD monitoring is an indispensable measure for birth defect prevention.