金属板材的激光弯曲成形技术及其应用

Laser Forming of Sheet Metal and Its Application

激光弯曲成形是通过局部瞬态加热产生不均匀内部热应力,而导致板材变形的一种无模成形技术。文章介绍了这种金属板材的激光弯曲成形技术常见的4种成形机理:温度梯度机理、墩粗机理、塑性皱曲机理和弹性膨胀机理;总结了激光弯曲成形国内外的发展状况;展望了该技术的研究趋势与应用前景。

A new forming technique of sheet metal, laser forming, is introduced, which is a dieless forming technology of sheet by deforming the sheet metal through internal thermal stress induced by partial instantaneous irradiation of a laser beam. Four main forming mechanisms, that is, temperature gradient mechanism, up setting mechanism, bending mechanism and elastic inflating mechanism are explained. The current research at home and abroad and the application of laser forming are discussed. It is held that, with further research, laser forming will be broadly used in auto, aerospace, and national defense industry, etc.