国家分裂时期的大学发展——对台海两岸清华大学发展的综合考察之一

University Development in A Divided Nation:A Series of Discussions on Tsinghua University on the Both Sides of the Strait

台海两岸清华大学的存在是一个分裂国家存在的有趣现象。本研究从历史与现实结合的角度,联系台海两岸大学发展的国际与国内环境,对两岸清华的发展状况与院系设置进行了比较与分析。研究结果表明:(1)北京清华发展更多地受到国际与国内政治波动的影响;(2)北京清华的学科建设程序是工科→理科→管理→文科(人文社会科学),较多重视实用学科;新竹清华的总体建设程序是工科→理科→文科→管理,更多重视基础性学科。(3)新竹清华较早实行学院制及综合性学科布局;北京清华在院系设置方面取得了长足的进展,但还有进一步改进的空间。据此,本研究提出了改进的相关思路与参考性建议。

The existence of two Tsinghua Universities in Taiwan and the mainland of China is something interesting. A comparative study is made on the development and setup of colleges and programs in the two universities in a domestic and worldwide context. The results cover the following three aspects: a. Tsinghua University in Beijing is under a greater influence of domestic and world political climate. b. The priority of the disciplines for Tsinghua University in Beijing is engineering courses followed by science, management and liberal arts (humanities and social sciences) with practical-oriented disciplines taking the lead, whereas for the latter, the sequence is engineering courses, science, liberal arts and management, with an emphasis laid on fundamental disciplines. c. Tsinghua University in Taiwan implemented the collegiate system and a comprehensive discipline makeup earlier, while Tsinghua University in Beijing still has some room for improvement concerning the setup of colleges and programs despite the considerable progress in this respect. Based on the above analysis, the paper proposes some suggestions and ideas for improvement.