聚乙烯醇微球的制备与研究

Preparation of polyvinyl alcohol microparticles

目的:制备聚乙烯醇微球,用于静脉注射靶向给药研究。方法:通过将溶有戊二醛的乙醚加入到以聚乙烯醇水溶液为水相、正庚烷为油相的乳液中作为交联剂,将微量浓盐酸滴加到乳液中作为催化剂,乳化聚合制备出聚乙烯醇微球,并考察了聚乙烯醇溶液浓度、搅拌速度及油水相比例等对微球粒径及形貌的影响。结果:在聚乙烯醇浓度为5.0%,搅拌速度为14000r·min^(-1)条件下,制备的微球平均粒径为1.9μm。且聚乙烯醇浓度越高,微球平均粒径越大,单分散性越差;搅拌速度越高,微球平均粒径越小,单分散性越好。结论:通过调整聚乙烯醇浓度和搅拌速度,可以得到1～15μm范围内不同平均粒径的微球。

Objective: To prepare polyvinyl alcohol microparticles. Methods: The polyvinyl alcohol microparticles were formed by an emulsion polymerization, in which ether mixed with glutaraldehyde as a cross linker was added into an emulsion composed of aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (aqueous phase), n-heptane (oil phase) and drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid (catalyst). The effects of the aqueous polyvinyl alcohoi concentration, stirring speed and composition ratio of water to oil on the particle size and appearance of the microparticles were investigated. Results: The particle size of 1.9μm was obtained in 5% polyvinyl alcohol and at the stirring speed of 14000r·min^(-1). The study suggested that the higher concentration aqueous polyvinyl alcohol, the bigger mean particle size and the worse monodispersity of the microparticles. The faster stirring speed, the smaller mean particle size and better monodispersity of the microparticles. Conclusion: The microparticles with size of 1～15μm, which was formed by controlling the aqueous polyvinyl alcohol concentrations and the stirring speed of stirring were well dispersed and monodispersed.