电影艺术与小说结构

Film Art and the Novel's Structure

传统小说以叙事为主,采用情节结构,并以其情节优势对电影艺术产生过深远影响。现代电影突出空间造型的作用,所形成的空间结构又反作用于小说。在电影艺术的影响下,现代小说叙事性减弱,造型性增强,时间意识减弱,空间意识增强,形成了对比式、相似式、多视角等空间结构形式,并以叙事的共时性、展示的现时性和意蕴的丰富性,表现出有别于传统小说的审美特征。完全可以说,现代小说摒弃了线性叙述方式,却没有去掉作品的灵魂;丢开了“情节优势”,却增加了光、影、声、色等视听元素;摆脱了时间的束缚,却开辟了更为广阔而又自由的艺术空间。无论从反映生活的广度、表达思想的深度,还是从艺术表现的力度上,现代小说都以一种不同于传统的崭新的面貌出现在读者面前。这样的艺术成就,固然与小说自身的追求有关,而更重要的原因在于电影艺术的积极参与。

Traditional novel gave priority to narrative and adopted plot structure, and also gave great impression on film art by its predominance of plot. Modern novel gave prominence to space structure, which recoiled the novel. Because of film art, modern novel weakened the quality of narrating and reinforced the nature of sculpting, weakened the consciousness of the time and reinforced that of space. The space structure came into being, which includes the type of contrast, that of similarity and different angle. Due to the simultaneous narrating, present showing and exuberant implication, modern novel put up its own aesthetic characteristic, which is distinct from traditional novel.