老年住院糖尿病患者膳食营养分析

Dietary Survey and Nutrition Analysis in 110 Aged Diabetic Patients

目的评价老年糖尿病患者的膳食质量。方法根据体质指数(BMI)将2001年10月～2002年12月在本院住院的老年糖尿病患者107例分为正常体型组52例(BMI22.6±1.6);超重体型组55例(BMI27.8±2.4)。采用24小时膳食回顾法,分析患者的膳食能量、三大产能营养素摄入量及来源。结果正常体型组能量、脂肪摄入均大于标准供给量,差异有显著性(P<0.01)其中脂肪超过标准供给量10%;超重体型组能量、碳水化合物、蛋,白质、脂肪摄入均超过标准供给量10%(P<0.01或P<0.05)。两组患者谷类食物、动物性蛋白质及脂肪摄入超过标准量10%,差异有显著性(P<0.01);植物脂肪超过标准供给量,但未超过10%。非谷类食物、植物性蛋白质低于标准供给量,差异有显著性(P<0.01)其中正常体型组非谷类食物摄入低于标准量10%。两组胆固醇摄入量均>300mg/d。结,论老年糖尿病患者的膳食结构不合理,需要合理调整,超重体型组是重点干预对象。

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of the aged diabetic patients. Methods We divided 110 patients in our hospital between October 2001 and December 2002 into two groups on the basis of BMI normal somatotype group with 52 cases whose BMI was 22.6±1.6 and overweight somatotype group with 55 cases whose BMI was 27.8 ± 2.4. We used the 24 h dietary review method to evaluate the energy and major nutrients intakes the source of energy-producing nutrients and the proportion of energy products from the diets. Results In the normal somatotype group energy and fat intakes were higher than standardP < 0.01 and the fat intake exceeded the suitable range 10%. In the overweight somatotype group the energy carbohydrate protein and fat intakes exceeded the suitable range 10%P < 0.01 or P < 0.05. In these two groups intakes of the cereal foods animal protein and fat exceeded the suitable range 10%P < 0.01 plant fat was higher than the standard but was still in the suitable range. Non-cereal foods and vegetable protein intakes were significantly lower than the standardP < 0.01. Non-cereal foods intake exceeded the suitable range 10% in the normal group. The cholesterol intakes were higher than 300 mg/d in both two groups. Conclusions The dietary composition was unreasonable in the aged diabetic patients especially in the overweight somatotype population. Nutri-tion interventions are needed for these patients.