家兔胴体品质和肉质性状的比较研究

A comparative study of carcass traits and meat characteristics of domestic rabbit

本文通过研究表明:本文用完全双列杂交对五品种肉兔:加州兔(C)、新西兰兔(N)、丹麦白兔(D)、花巨兔(G)、比利时兔(B)进行了一般配合力(GCA)和特殊配合力(SCA)分析,估计了杂交组合的杂种优势率(RH),结果表明:半净膛、全净膛屠宰率在父本中差异不显著,在母本则有极显著差异。多重比较方法分析所得半净膛、全净膛屠宰率在母本中高低依次为新西兰兔、花巨兔、比利时兔、丹麦白兔、加州兔,其中新西兰兔、花巨兔的母本的半净膛率分别极显著(P<0.01),显著高于丹麦白兔和加州兔。因此,新西兰兔母本最好,加州母兔最差。特殊配合力分析两指标互作效应均不明显,杂交无优势。肉质性状间普遍存在一定的表型相关,但多数未能达到0.05的显著水平。pH2L与pH2S有显著的强正相关(P<0.05);对于胴体性状而言,全净膛屠宰率、半净膛屠宰率为极显著的强正相关(r=0.985,P<0.01)。肉质性状和胴体性状之间存在弱负相关,因此,总体上讲肉质与胴体性状间的关系表现为一种颉颃性的相关。

The carcass dressing percentage and the qualitative traits of five meat rabbit breeds, i. e. , German Giant (G) , Belgian (B), New Zealand White (N), Califomian (C) and Danish White (D) were studied by a complete diallel cross experiment. Their general combining ability (GCA) , special combining ability (SCA) , the heterosis rate and the correction coefficient of phenotype were comparatively analyzed. The results were shown as follows: there were extremely significant differences (P < 0. 01) within dams, on the contrary within sires on both carcass dressing percentage (P >0. 05) . The values of carcass dressing percentage were in the order; N( ) > G ( ) > B ( ) > D ( ) > C ( ) , among which the values of N ( ) and G ( ) were extremely higher than those of D ( ) and C ( ) respectively. The effects of carcass dressing percentage between the sire and dam existed no significant differences ( P > 0. 05). The relationship within the qualitative traits showed that only the pH2L was significantly higher positive related to pH2S (P <0. 05) , the correction coefficient of the other qualitative traits was not significantly different. The extremely higher positive correction coefficient of the carcass dressing percentage was also gained, but there was weak negative relationship between the carcass dressing percentage and the qualitative traits.