城乡收入差距的体制性原因探析

Causes of Income Differences in Rural and Urban Areas

城乡收入差距是目前影响我国经济和社会发展的重大问题。造成目前我国城乡收入差距过大的主要原因是体制性因素,包括城乡分割的二元经济结构、城市部门过度吸取农村剩余、人均占有公共资源的巨大差别、承担改革成本上的不公平、财政体制的城市化偏好、承担税费的巨大差异以及公共产品制度的不同等等。要从根本上解决城乡收入差距问题,就要树立"以人为本"的思想,坚持全面协调可持续的科学发展观,统筹城乡经济社会发展以及体制和政策的制度创新。

Income difference in rural and urban areas is one of the biggest problems in the economic and social development in China. The main reasons lie in its distribution system. It includes: dual economic structure, over-employment from countryside surplus manpower into cities; average public resources ownership, injustice in reform cost; city priority financial reform; great distinction in taxes; different public property system, etc.. In order to solve this problem, sustainable and scientific development should be insisted; economic and overall consideration should be given to the social development in rural and urban areas; reforms in systems and policies are also necessary.