宜昌市城区流行性腮腺炎发病情况调查

Investigation on Incidence of Acute Mumps in Urban of Yichang City

目的 为了解宜昌市城区在接种流行性腮腺炎疫苗之前相关疾病发病情况 ,于 2 0 0 1年 4～ 5月在宜昌市城区开展了流行性腮腺炎发病率调查。方法 抽取婴幼儿、幼儿园儿童、大中小学校学生及部分家长约 10 0 0 0人进行问卷调查。结果 1996～ 2 0 0 0年宜昌市城区流行性腮腺炎平均发病率为 86 .99/万。 1997年流行性腮腺炎发病率最低 ,为 6 0 .5 4 /万 ;2 0 0 0年流行性腮腺炎发病率最高 ,为 10 1.2 4 /万。 3～ 13岁为高发年龄 ,幼儿园儿童和小学生为主要发病对象 ,未满周岁儿童发病罕见 ;一年之中 ,3～ 6月份春夏之交易发病 ,4月份发病最多 ;城区 2 0 0 0年流行性腮腺炎发病率要低于郊区 ;1998年以来宜昌市城区流行性腮腺炎患者就医率为 92 .86 % ,平均治疗费用为 177.2 7元 ,接种流行性腮腺炎疫苗的成本效益比为 17.73∶ 1。结论 流行性腮腺炎对儿童的健康危害很大 ,使用疫苗进行预防很有必要 ,可根据我国情况 ,在一些经济条件较好的地区将流行性腮腺炎疫苗预防接种纳入计划免疫管理。

Objective To understand the incidence of acute mumps in urban of Yichang City, an investigation about the incidence of mumps was carried out from April 17 to May 17 ,2001.Methods Questionnaire investigation was applied among 10 000 people, including infants, children in kindergarten, students from university, middle school and primary school, and some of their parents. Resuts The results showed that the incidence of mumps in 2000 was 101 24/10000, a little higher than that of the last two years.The suffereza were mainly confined to the children in kindergarten and primary school, and the age group of 3-13 was the highest,while children less than one year was rare. The incidence from March and June, especially in April,was the highest. Moreover, the incidence was lower in urban than that in suburb. The hospitalization rate was 92.68% since 1998,and the average treatment cost was 1777.27 yuan.The cost-benefit ratio of mumps vaccine was 17.73∶1.Conclusions It is necessary to put mumps vaccination in the Planed Immunization Program in those areas with better financial status.