虚拟水计算方法及应用

Virtual Water Method and Application in Water Resources Trade

虚拟水研究是近年来国际水资源研究的新动向,它为缓解区域水资源紧张提供了一个有效的解决方法.本文系统地介绍了虚拟水方法和战略的概念、理论框架和计算方法,并通过对全球主要国家和地区的虚拟水交易量的计算具体地阐述了虚拟水方法的应用,认为虚拟水方法实现了各国或地区水资源交易过程中的可计算性和可比性,促进了水资源的合理有效转移,指出了该方法在计算方法和步骤方面存在的缺陷,提出了改进的方向和思路.

The virtual water trade is an instrument to achieve water security and efficient water use and the Virtual water trade illustrates the interactions in the coupled human-environment system. In this paper, the author introduces systematically the theory, indicators system and method of virtual water analysis, and expatiates concretely the application of virtual water through virtual water trade of main countries and regions. In the end, some problems and advices are indicated. It is serious that water resources are short to china and the regional difference of water resources allocation aggravate the water lack. The virtual water concept offers the possibility to analyze the impacts of consumption patterns on water use. So the study of virtual water is important to sustainable development of economy and society.