道德教育:在规范与德性之间

Moral Education:between Norm and Virtue

随着社会的转型与文化的多元 ,基于规范伦理的道德教育在目的、内容和方法等方面都面临着深层次的困境。要克服这些困境 ,道德教育必须把视野拓展到规范理论之外 ,从德性伦理那里寻找新的基点。这是由德性伦理的内在性、超越性与自律性所决定的。从根本上说 ,道德教育是介于规范与德性之间的 ,其可能的发展路径是 :以德性养成为目的、以道德规范为内容。要实现这种道德教育 ,至少需要从以下方面入手 :(1)转换道德教育的目的 ;(2 )提供道德实践的机会 ;(3)发挥制度教化的作用 ;(4)融合传统美德的教育。

With the transition of society and the multiplicity of culture, moral education based on normative ethics is confronted with deep trouble in its ends, contents, methods and so on, which will be overcome by the transformation of standpoints from normative ethics to virtue ethics determined by the internality, transcendence and self-regulation of virtue ethics. In essence, moral education is between norm and virtue, and its alternative way is to carry out a kind of moral education with moral rules as its content and virtues-forming as its ends. According to this way, one should do at least four things: (1) to transform the ends of moral education, (2) to provide the opportunities of anticipating moral practices, (3) to make use of cultivation of institutions, (4) to integrate the traditional virtues in education as its content.