相容剂在三元乙丙橡胶／聚酰胺共混物中的应用

Application of Compatibiliser in EPDM/Polyamide Blends

以马来酸酐（ＭＡ）接枝三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）（引发剂为一种橡胶促进剂）作为ＥＰＤＭ／聚酰胺（ＰＡ）共混物的相容剂。研究了相容剂接枝条件及用量、ＰＡ用量对共混物力学性能和耐溶剂性能的影响。当相容剂用量为ＥＰＤＭ的１４％（重量比）时，共混物的拉伸强度从４ＭＰａ提高到１２ＭＰａ，随相容剂用量的进一步增加，共混物的拉伸性能和耐溶剂性能得到进一步改善。ＤＳＣ分析表明，共混物是明显的多相体系，但通过抽提试验发现有ＥＰＤＭ－ｇ－ＭＡ／ＰＡ接枝物生成，而且从扫描电镜照片上可以明显看到加入相容剂后共混物中ＰＡ相粒子明显减小，说明ＰＡ和ＥＰＤＭ的工艺相容性得到大大改善。

By the initiation of a rubber accelerator, grafting of maleic anhydride (MA) onto EPDM was accomplished to form a copolymer which serves as a compatibiliser for EPDM/polyamide (PA) blends. The MA grafting reactions on EPDM were carried out under various experimental conditions. It is shown that as the amount of EPDM-g-MA increases from 0 to 14 wt% based on total rubber, the tensile strentgth increases from 4MPa to 12MPa and solvent resistance is greatly improved too. SAM photos indicate that the polyamide particles in EPDM/EPDM-g-MA/PA blends are much smaller than that in EPDM/PA blends. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement shows that EPDM/EPDM-g-MA/PA blends have two glass transition temperatures, 45. 2℃ and 48℃, corresponding to the Tg of EPDM and PA. Therefore the EPDM/EPDM-g-MA/PA vulcanisates are multiphase systems.