成人急性呼吸道感染住院病人病毒IgM抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of Viral IgM Antibody Detection in Hospitalized Patients with Adult Acute Respiratory Infection

【目的】了解唐山地区成人急性呼吸道感染 (ARI)住院患者中 8种常见病毒感染分布情况。【方法】用ELISA法检测ARI患者外周血中病毒IgM抗体。【结果】80 5例ARI患者中病毒IgM抗体检测有阳性结果者 337例 ,占 4 1.9%。 8种常见病毒检出结果分别为 :单纯疱疹Ⅰ型病毒 (HSVⅠ ) 15 0例 (18.6 % )、呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 136例 (16 .9% )、EB病毒 79例 (9.8% )、巨细胞病毒 (HCMV) 5 4例 (6 .7% )、腺病毒(ADV) 38例 (4 .7% )、柯萨奇病毒 (COX) 33例 (4 .1% )、风疹病毒 (RV) 2 6例 (3.2 % )、单纯疱疹Ⅱ型病毒(HSVⅡ ) 19例 (2 .4 % )。单一病毒抗体阳性 195例 (2 4 .2 % )、两种病毒抗体混合阳性 10 0例 (12 .4 % )、三种及三种以上病毒抗体混合阳性 4 2例 (5 .2 % )。 30岁以下ARI患者RSV阳性率明显高于 30岁以上患者。 30岁以下ARI患者EB病毒阳性率明显高于 6 0岁以上患者。 30～ 6 0岁组ARI患者HCMV、RV病毒阳性率明显低于 6 0岁以上患者。女性患者RSV、EB病毒阳性率明显高于男性。RSV感染在春季少发 ,HSVⅠ型病毒感染夏季多发 ,HSVⅡ型病毒、EB病毒感染则多发生在冬季。【结论】病毒是成人ARI的常见病原体 ,其中HSVⅠ型、RSV、EB病毒、HCMV感染最为多见。青年人以及女性易患RSV和EB病毒感染 。

Objective To understand the distribution of 8 kinds of common viral infection in hospitalized patients with adult acute respiratory infection(AARI) within Tangshan district.The levels of viral IgM antibody in peripheral blood of patients with AARI were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Three hundred and thirty-seven out of 803 AARI patients (41.9%) were viral IgM antibody positive. Eight kinds of common viral infection detected were:herpes simplex virus-Ⅰ (HSV-Ⅰ) 150 cases (18.6%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) 136 cases (16.9%), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) 79 cases (9.8%), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) 54 cases (6.7%), adenovirus (ADV) 38 cases (4.7%), Coxsackie virus (COX) 33 cases (4.1%), rubella virus (RV) 26 cases (3.2%) and HSV Ⅱ 19 cases (2.4%). 195 cases (24.2%) showed only one viral antibody positive, 100 cases (12.4%) showed two viral antibodies positive, while three or more positive viral antibodies were detected in 42 cases (5.2%). Compared with patients of more than 30 years old, the positive rate of RSV infection in patients under this age was significantly higher ; whereas the positive rate of EBV infection in patients under 30 years old was obviously higher than that in patients with more than 60 years old of age. Patients in 30～60 years old were less likely infected by HCMV and RV as compared with those of more than 60 years old. The rates of RSV and EBV infection in female patients were distinctly higher than those in males. RSV infection seldom happened in spring, HSV Ⅰ infection was often prevalent in summer ; while HSV Ⅱ and EBV infections frequently occurred in winter.[Conclusion]Virus is the most common pathogen causing AARI ; HSV Ⅰ,RSV,EBV and HCMV infections are very frequently encountered. RSV and EBV more likely attack young people and females. Moreover, young people are considerably susceptible to the single viral infection. Viral infection also exhibits sporadic character all the year round.