海南岛主要栽培果树的根结线虫病及其防治

Occurrence and Control of Root Knot Nematode Disease in Main Fruit Crops in Hainan Island

调查了海南岛20种主要栽培果树的根结线虫病的发生情况,鉴定了病原线虫的种类,试验了5种杀线虫药剂的防治效果。结果表明:番石榴、香蕉、皇帝蕉、粉蕉、火龙果与番木瓜6种果树不同程度感染根结线虫病(前3种最敏感),株发病率80%～100%,根结指数2.75～5.00;病原线虫有南方根结线虫(Meloidogyneincognita)、爪哇根结线虫(M.javanica)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria),以及另外2个有待明确的虫种;7.5～15.0 kg/hm2的10% 福气多颗粒剂对土壤中二龄侵染幼虫的防效为84.15%～95.18%,同时可有效地抑制根结的形成。

Among 20 investigated fruit crops cultivated in Hainan Island, six were found infected with root knot nematode disease. The plant incidence was 80%～100% and the root knot index 2.75～5.00. Gauva and banana were more susceptible. The disease was more serious on sandy loam. The pathogenic nematodes were identified as Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica and M. arenaria, while an unidentified species (Meloidogyne sp.) was found on guava and pitaya. The trial of five nematicides indicated that fosthiazate 10% G, applied at a rate of 7.5～15.0 kg/ha, was effective on controlling populations of nematode larvae and formation of root knot.