我国医用诊断X射线工作者职业紧张与高血压病关系的研究

Effects of job stress on hypertension among medical diagnostic Xray workers in China

目的 对我国医用诊断X射线工作者职业心理因素尤其是职业紧张与高血压病的关系进行研究。方法 在我国 10省市的医用诊断X射线工作者中选择高血压病 2 6 4例 ,采用 1∶2匹配的方式进行病例 对照研究。职业紧张的调查采用付出 回报失衡模式。结果 在调整了其他危险因素和混杂因素的作用后 ,付出 回报失衡、过度投入、工作环境差与高血压病显著相关 ,OR值分别为 1 84 8(P =0 0 18)、2 0 5 8(P =0 0 0 0 )、1 797(P =0 0 0 8)。累积受照剂量未见与高血压病显著相关。职业紧张对与高血压病相关的行为或生活方式产生影响 ,在职业紧张程度高的人群中 ,饮酒、体重指数明显增加。结论 我国医用诊断X射线工作者中高血压病的主要职业危险因素为付出 回报失衡、过度投入和工作环境差。

Objective To study the relation between job stress and hypertension among medical diagnostic xray workers in China. Methods A total of 264 confirmed cases of hypertension were selected among medical diagnostic Xray workers from 10 provinces and cities.A casecontrol study with 1∶2 matched pair was conducted.Job stress was defined according to Siegrist effortreward imbalance model. Results High imbalance,high overcommitment and severe work environment were associated with enhanced hypertension risk significantly.The OR was 1.848 (P=0.018),2.058(P=0.000)and 1.797(P=0.008)for imbalance,overcommitment and severe work environment,respectively.After controlling othen risk factors,the relation still remained significant. Conclusion The main workrelated risk factors causing hypertension among diagnostic Xray workers are effortreward imbalance,overcommitment and severe work environment.;