新型热声发动机驱动的脉管制冷机实验研究

Experimental investigation on pulse tube cooler driven bynovel thermoacoustic engine

为完全消除低温系统中的运动部件,简化低温系统结构并提高其可靠性,对自制新型热声发动机驱动的脉管制冷机系统进行了实验研究.对热声发动机的性能进行了实验分析,确定出系统充气压力和制冷机的接口位置,将一台单级小孔型脉管制冷机接到系统中.通过调节小孔阀,对脉管制冷机性能进行了优化.结果表明,以氦气为工质,在充气压力为2 MPa时,发动机单独运行时最大压比达1.19,驱动单级小孔型脉管制冷机获得了119 K的低温,这为热声制冷机系统应用于天然气液化奠定了良好基础.

In order to completely eliminate moving parts, simplify configuration and obtain high reliability in cryogenic system, experimental investigation on a thermoacoustic system composed of a pulse tube cooler (PTC) and a self-made thermoacoustic engine was carried out. With thorough experimental analysis of the thermoacoustic engine, the preferable filling pressure and connecting location of PTC were determined. Then a single-stage orifice PTC was connected to the engine. The performance of the PTC was optimized by adjusting its orifice. The results show that charged with helium at 2.0 MPa, the engine operating with no load had the maximum pressure ratio of 1.19. The single stage orifice PTC driven by the engine reached 119 K, and the PTC driven by the proposed thermoacoustic systems can be applied for natural gas liquefaction.