理塘寺早期政教史初探

Early Period of Litang's Political and Religious Histories

理塘寺是藏传佛教格鲁派的一个重要寺院,它与川、滇、藏之间都有一定的历史影响。文章把理塘寺的早期历史分三个阶段加以探讨,即三世达赖时期理塘寺的创建;五世达赖与和硕特部蒙古统治时期理塘寺的兴衰;清初七世达赖时期理塘寺与七世达赖的关系及该寺的振兴等历史。理塘寺早期政教史及其特点说明,理塘寺政治、经济和文化的发展,与其所处的特殊地理位置不无关系,在它发展过程中曾受到诸因素多文化的影响,特别是明清以来汉藏文化在此交融,使理塘乃至于康巴地区历史和文化呈现出自己独有的特点和魅力。

Litang Monastery is an important monastery of Gelu Sector of Tibetan Buddhism, and exerts certain influence on Sichuan, Yunan, Tibet in the history. The article deliberates on the early period of Litang by dividing it into three stages: the establishment of Litang monastery during the third Dalai lama; the prosperousness and declination of Litang during the firth Dalai lama and Mongalian's governance; the thriving period of the seventh Dalai lama. Litang monastery's early political and religious history illustrates that Litang's development of polity, economy and culture has close connection with its' special geographic location. In the process of Litang's development, the monastery was influenced by multi-cultures around it; particularly it became center of culture integration of Han Chinese and Tibetan groups since Ming and Qing Dynasties. This resulted in unique histories and cultures of Litang and even Kam areas.