高糖高脂饮食诱导的2型糖尿病模型大鼠血脂的特点

Type 2 diabetes rat induced by diets and its features of hyperlipoidemia

目的:建立发病过程类似人类2型糖尿病(T2DM)的动物模型.方法:制备T2DM动物模型,模型1:高糖高脂饲料喂养Wistar雄性大鼠诱发胰岛素抵抗(IR), 然后用亚致病剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)静脉注射,诱发高血糖症;模型2:STZ静脉注射,空腹血糖(FBG)≥10 mmol/L大鼠喂以高糖高脂饲料1个月;测定T2DM大鼠 FBG、血清胰岛素(FINS)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)、胰岛素分泌指数(IS)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平.结果:与模型2比较, 模型1大鼠FINS升高明显(P<0.05),且模型1的造模过程更类似人类T2DM的发病过程,故确定模型1为本实验动物模型.与正常对照组比较,模型1大鼠除第3周外,1～9周FBG均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05～0.01),FINS、TG、TC、LDL明显升高(P<0.05),ISI、IS、HDL明显降低(P<0.05).结论:用高糖高脂饮食喂饲结合小剂量STZ注射可成功制备T2DM大鼠模型,并可作为研究T2DM及其慢性血管并发症的理想动物模型.

Objective: The study was aimed at developing a rat model that closely simulates the metabolic abnormalities of the human type 2 diabetes mellitus with two methods. Methods: We used two methods to set up rat models. Model 1 of rats were fed with high glucose and high fat diet to induce insulin resistance, and then hyperglycemia was developed by intravascular injection in these rats with streptozotocin (STZ) after 1 month on the diets. Model 2 of rats were injected STZ by intravascular, selected the rats which were FBG≥10 mmol/L,then the rats were fed with high glucose and high fat diet. We observed the feature of FBG、FINS、 TNF、TG、TC、LDL and HDL, to calculate IAI、IS. Results: Comparing with model 1 and model 2, FBG and FINS obviously increased in model 1 (P<0.05) and only FBG obviously increased in model 2 (P<0.05), hence model 1 was more closely simulates the metabolic abnormalities of the human type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, we selected model 1 as this experiment model to observe lipoid. Model 1 which is similar to human type 2 diabetes is characterized by moderate hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance. Comparing with two groups, model 1 rat FBG obviously were lower than normal control rats in 1~9 weeks except the third week (P<0.05～0.01),FINS、TG、TC、LDL obviously were heightened (P<0.05),ISI、 IS、 HDL obviously were lower(P<0.05). Conclusions: Male Wistar rats were fed with high glucose and high fat diet to induce insulin resistance, and then hyperglycemia was developed by intravascular injection in these rats with streptozotocin (STZ) which has been simulated T2DM, the model is the ideal model to study T2DM and its complications