论二战间英国和苏联在“第二战场”上的论争

On the Confliction between the Soviet Union and Great Britain on the “Second Battlefield” During World War II

苏德战争爆发,开辟第二战场成为盟国的共识。战争中丘吉尔一味推行地中海战略与斯大林要求尽快开辟第二战场南辕北辙,争论由此而不断,在利弊权衡上双方的心里都经历过转化;苏联据实谴责英国为地中海战略肆意拖延第二战场,就质疑是否具备尽快实现第二战场的条件问题,虽然从军备上、军事形势上、军事地理上言之成理,然而难以否认后勤准备不足所带来的难题;指责地中海战场未能起到第二战场的作用也过于苛刻;而称拖延的目的是希望苏、德双方在战争中相互厮杀从中渔利,显然不是一个严肃的话题。但有一点是肯定的,为大英帝国的利益是丘吉尔的出发点和根本利益所在。

When the war between the Soviet Union and Germany broke out, the Allies came to the common ground to open the second battlefield. During the war, Churchill persisted in carrying out his strategy of the Mediterranean Sea, which was quite contrary to Stalin's suggestion on opening the second battlefield as quickly as possible. Consequently, there was constant conflict between them. The Soviet Union condemned Britain's intentional delay of the opening the second battlefield because of the Mediterranean Sea Strategy. As far as the possibility for the quick realization of the second battlefield was concerned, there were obvious problems raised by insufficient logistics preparation even though the quantity of the army, the military situation and military geography were quite favorable for that. Besides, the condemnation that the Mediterranean Sea did not function as a second battlefield is, to some extent, harsh. Obviously, it is not quite responsible to say that the purpose of the intentional delay is for Britain to get benefits from the war between the Soviet Union and Germany; yet one thing is certain that it is the fundamental purpose and goal for Churchill to make the decision beneficial to Great Britain.