从自由主义到国家主义——美国进步主义时期的政治变动

From Liberalism to Nationalism——The political changes during the period of American progressivism

美国建国之后,由于其独特的历史发展形成了崇尚民主自由为特征的自由主义政治,并在较长一段时期内成为了美国政治的主要传统。随着19世纪后期美国经济的迅速发展,自由主义政治所导致的政府权力弱小已无法适应新的社会现实,这一时期美国政治面临巨大的危机。19世纪末20世纪初美国进步主义运动把加强政府权力作为其政治改革的主要内容,美国政治由自由主义逐渐走向国家主义。

After the US was established, the liberalistic politics that was characterized by advocating democracy and liberty was formed because of its special historical development. For a quite long period of time, it has become the main tradition in American politics with the rapid economic development in America in the late 19th century. The weak government power caused by the liberalistic politics could not adapt itself to the new social reality, and the American politics was faced with crisis during this period. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the American Progressive Movement took it as the main target of the political reform to strengthen the government power and the American politics developed from liberalism to nationalism step by step.