刺参稚参对蛋白质和脂肪需求量的初步研究

Study on dietary protein and lipid requirement for sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus

实验设计了粗蛋白水平分别为12%,18%,26%,32%,37%,44%,粗脂肪水平分别为3%,5%,8%,以藻粉、白鱼粉和酪蛋白等为主要原料的刺参实验饲料,用以饲喂平均体质量为0.90 g的刺参(Stichopus japonicus).经过66 d的饲养实验,测定了试验刺参的质量增长率、脏壁比和体成分等指标.结果显示,饲料中粗蛋白、粗脂肪水平对刺参的生长和脏壁比有明显影响.实验刺参在粗蛋白水平为18.21%～24.18%、粗脂肪为5%时获得最大生长,同时获得最低的脏壁比.体成分等指标没有受到饲料中粗蛋白和粗脂肪水平的明显影响.因此可以认为,刺参的最佳蛋白质和脂肪需要量分别为18.21%～24.18%和5%.

An experiment was conducted to determine crude protein and lipid requirement of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. Juvenile Stichopus japonicus, of initial weight 0.90g, were fed with graded crude protein levels at 12%, 18%, 26%, 32%, 36%, and 44%, and graded crude lipid levels at 3%, 5%, and 8%for 66 days. The main materials of the feed consisted of algal meal, casein, white fish meal, soy bean meal and others. All the ingredients formulated were crushed to 500 mesh and then collected and bagged those passing 200 mesh. Weight gain (WG) ratio, viscera body wall ratio (VBWR), and body composition of the sea cucumber were measured. The results showed that the growth was affected significantly by the level of dietary protein and lipid. The WG was up to 95% and 100% at the treatment of 18.21% and 24.18% protein, when the lipid level was 5%. VBWR was lowest to 0.40 in the treatment of 24.18% protein, 5% lipid. In the treatments of 18.21% and 33.21% protein, 5% lipid, VBWR were 0.41, significantly lower than that in other treatments. The level of dietary crude protein and lipid did not significantly affect the values of body composition. Therefore, the optimum dietary protein and lipid requirement of juvenile Stichopus japonicus was suggested to be 18.21~24.18%, and 5% respectively.