重建中国公共哲学的反思与设想

Reflection and Assumption on the Reconstruction of Public Philosophy in China

中国传统公共哲学以"立公去私"的伦理论述为基本出发点和主要内容,忽视了对于统治者合 法性的道义和制度制约。重建中国社会的公共哲学,需要在继承传统哲学合理因素、进行规范性论述的同时, 全面阐述诸如权力、权威、国家、主权、法律、正义、平等、权利、财产权、自由、民主、公共利益等最基本的政治和 社会范畴,在此基础上论述公共哲学的基本原则和结论,在理论前提上则提倡多元竞争而不必定于一尊;在方 法论上应以理性主义的逻辑阐明和公开讨论取代非理性思维、盲从权威和单纯意识形态式的论述。

Traditional public philosophy in China takes the ethical argument of getting rid of private and establishing public as its starting point, neglects moral and institutional restraints to legitimacy and rulers. Reconstruction of public philosophy in China needs inheriting reasonable factors of its tradition and making normative arguments, meanwhile, comprehensively expounding most basic political and social concepts such as power, authority, state, sovereignty, law, justice, equality, rights, property, freedom, democracy and public interests. Its theoretical bases should be in pluralistic competition, rather than establishment of only one premise. Methodologically, it should insist in rational and logical elucidation and open discussion, rather than irrational thinking, following authority like sheep and argument like an ideology used by the despot.