自我监控概念的重构

Reconceptuation of Self-monitoring

Snyder(1974)提出自我监控来解释自我呈现中的个体差异。他认为高自我监控者具有3个特征:关注行为的适宜性,对情境线索敏感,并以此作为行为调节的指南。作者通过文献回顾指出,Snyder对高自我监控的定义不妥。该文通过对自我呈现功能分析,指出自我呈现既有自我功能,又有人际功能。想要给他人留下期望的印象,自我呈现不仅要维系人际和谐,而且要维系自我和谐。根据这两个维度,该文对自我监控概念进行了重构。把自我监控者分为4种:高自我监控者在自我呈现过程中既维系自我和谐,又维系人际和谐;他人导向监控者只注重人际和谐;自我导向监控者只注重自我和谐;低自我监控者既不注意人际和谐,也不注意自我和谐。

Snyder(1974)developed self-monitoring to interpret the individual differences in self-presentation. He suggested that concerning for the situational appropriateness of their behaviors, and being sensitive to the cues of situations, using them to guide their self-presentation behavior characterize high self-monitors. The review of my paper have suggested that the Snyder’s definition to the high self-monitoring may be faulty. With the analysis of the function and the process of self-presentation, this paper supposed that people must maintain interpersonal harmony and self harmony in order to make a desired impression. In term of the two dimension, theoretically, there are the four kinds of people in the self-presentation process: the high self-monitors not only maintain self harmony but also interpersonal harmony. The other-directed monitors just maintain interpersonal harmony; self-directed monitors only maintain self harmony, the low self-monitoring maintain neither self harmony nor interpersonal harmony.