对中国石油供应安全的再思考

Rethinking of China's Oil Supply Security

20世纪80年代以来,在一部分人们的心目中,石油已从战略性资源和“武器”回归到一般商品的属性。应该承认,产油国与消费国之间的关系正在向以互相依赖为共识的合作方向发展,但是发生大规模石油供应中断并带来重大经济损失的可能性仍然存在。因此,我们对石油安全问题必须坚持“两点论”,丝毫不能麻痹大意。近两年我国的石油消费呈现高达两位数的增长,面对这种不可持续的发展模式,运用经济杠杆和市场机制,抑制油气消费,节约和合理使用油气资源已刻不容缓。为此,文章从大力节油、加强国内油气资源勘探、开展石油资源的国际化经营、保障运输通道安全、燃料替代和石油储备方面评述了我国的石油安全对策。

Since the 1980s, some pundits have considered oil a common commodity rather than a strategic resource and a bargaining chip. Even though oil producers and consumers are now learning to base their cooperation on interdependence, severe energy supply interruption is still likely, potentially incurring substantial economic losses. Hence, we must stick to the 'Two points theory' regarding oil security, as we cannot afford to lose our vigilance. In recent years, our oil consumption exhibited a double-digit growth rate. It is, therefore, imperative for us to apply economic leverage to the market mechanism, to curb oil and gas consumption, and to save and utilize oil and gas resources conservatively. In this article, China's oil security policy is reviewed in terms of oil saving, enhanced hydrocarbon resources prospecting, international operation of oil resources, safety of transport channels, fuel alternatives and petroleum reserves.