2004年中国石油进出口状况分析

Analysis of China's Oil Import & Export in 2004

2004年,中国经济持续高速发展以及发电、运输业对燃料的需求激增,使中国石油进口量在国际油价创历史新高的情况下仍大幅上升。原油进口量突破1.2亿吨,增幅达34.8%;成品油进口量首次超过3700万吨,增幅达34.1%;原油和成品油净进口量达到创记录的1.437亿吨,加上LPG和其他石油产品的净进口量,石油净进口总量高达1.515亿吨,同比增长43%,石油进口依存度已经接近50%。2004年,中国石油进口总额高达431.5亿美元,同比增长112.56%。由于国内炼厂脱硫能力的限制,来自中东的原油占进口原油的比例有所减少,俄罗斯和非洲石油所占比例增加。2004年,中国从多年的柴油净出口变为净进口,柴油进口量比2003年骤增2.24倍,全年净进口量达到211万吨。燃料油进口量增长28.4%,达3050.9万吨,与此同时,成品油出口量大幅度减少。展望2005年,中国石油需求增长的旺盛势头可能因经济增长放缓而有所减弱,但运输燃料需求的增长仍将强劲,预计对进口石油的依赖将进一步加重。

With a booming economy in China and soaring demand for fuels by power generation and transportation industries .. in 2004, China's oil import increased considerably against a record high international oil price. The import of crude oil exceeded 120m tons, up 34.8%; the import of oil products exceeded 37m tons for the first time, up 34.1%; the net import of crude and product hit a record high of 143.7m tons. Considering the net import of LPG and other oil products, the total net import of oil was up to 151.5m tons, increasing by 43% on a year-to-year basis, and bringing reliance on oil imports close to 50%. In 2004, the total amount of oil import hit US$43.15b, increasing by 112.56% over the previous year. With limited desulphurizing capability at domestic refineries, the proportion of Middle East crude among the imported crude decreased to some degree, while the proportion of Russian and African crude increased. China became a net importer of diesel oil from a net exporter in 2004, with the import of diesel oil soaring 2.24 times over 2003, to 2.11m tons. The import of fuel oil increased by 28.4% to 30.509m tons, against the sharp decrease in the export of oil products. Looking forward to 2005, the strong momentum of China's demand for oil may slow down due to slower economic growth, while the demand for transportation fuel will remain strong. Further reliance on oil import is expected.