摘要
本文报告２例肾错构瘤自发破裂大出血、休克，急诊手术切除患肾而达到控制出血的目的。对于肾错构瘤，临床上术前可以明确诊断，治疗采用尽可能多地保留正常肾实质的手术方式。由于肾错构瘤容易出现威胁生命的自发破裂大出血，所以预防这一并发症并采取最恰当的治疗措施，最大限度地保留患肾成为临床难点之一。我们认为对直径小于４ｃｍ的肾错构瘤，临床症状轻者，应定期随访；对肿瘤直径大于４ｃｍ，症状明显者，因有高度自发破裂的危险，应及时行选择性动脉造影及栓塞术，或者行肿瘤剜除术、肾部分切除术。
Two
cases of spontaneous rupture of renal hamartoma were reported. Because of its
life-threatingbleeding,total nephrectomy was performed.With renal ultrasonography and
abdominal CT,it is easyto make a diagnosis of renal hamartoma。In the
management,following- up and conservative operationare recommended.But how to prevent
renal hamartoma from its easy rupture tendency and life-threa- ting hemorrhage,total
nephrectomy is still a clinical dilemma,In our opinion,if a hamartoma is lessthan 4 cm in
diameter and asymptomatic,following-up is better,if more than 4 cm,with a
severecomplaints,the tumor is at a high risk of Spontaneous rupture,selective renal
angiography and em-bolism,or tumor enucleation or partial nephrectomy should bc indicated.
关键词
肾错构瘤
破裂
预防
治疗
肾肿瘤
renal hamartoma
spontaneous rupture
management
