西方环境伦理学在非西方国家中的地位:西方面对东方

The Role of Western Environmental Ethics in Non-Western Countries:West Meets East

西方环境伦理学的历史及西方自然美学的变化风景园林受中国园林影响的例子,说明西方环境伦理观在特定文化下只有通过内化的方式才能被当地文化所接受。西方环境伦理学存在着三个最富争议的问题,即人类中心主义与非人类中心主义的区别,内在价值的理念及自然权力的概念;非西方国家在通过内化西方环境伦理学时应避免陷入对以上问题的争议。西方环境伦理学对东方只具有相对的借鉴意义,要想在特定文化下创造出一个被广泛接受的新的环境伦理,除了对西方环境伦理的吸收、消化外,还需创造出适应当地人及文化的环境伦理话语;东西方应以不同的方式创造各自的环境伦理学。

This article recalled the history of western environmental ethics and showed the examples of the change of western nature aesthetics and how land gardens were influenced by Chinese garden to argue that in non-western culture,western environmental ethics can only be accepted through the way of internalization.The three most troublesome features of western environmental ethics appear to be the anthropocentric/nonanthropocentric distinction,the notion of intrinsic value,and the concept of rights.For such internalization to take place in non-Western countries,the problematic features of Western environmental ethics will have to be avoided as much as possible.To the East countries,western environmental ethics only has comparative meaning.In order to creative a widely acceptable new environmental ethics in certain culture,it requires not only to internalization of western environmental ethics,but to creative a kind of environmental ethics discourse which is compatible with the native people and its land.The West ad East should develop their respective environmental ethics through different ways.