郭店一号楚墓年代析论

Discussion on Date of Chu Tomb No.1 at Guodian

郭店一号楚墓出土的各类器物,具有战国中期偏晚和战国晚期偏早的若干特征,其中部分因素与包山一、二号墓接近,部分因素又与包山四、五号墓,马山一号墓及九店乙组墓四期六段的若干特征一致。包山二号墓下葬于公元前316年或稍晚;包山四、五号墓,马山一号墓和九店乙组四期六段的墓葬,是战国晚期早段较有代表性的楚墓,按照考古学分期断代以最晚的器物断定其时代下限的一般规律,郭店一号楚墓的时代应属于战国晚期的早段,其下限不晚于白起拔郢,具体年代应在公元前300年稍后不久。

By applying the dating and periodization method in archaeology, this paper suggests that the Chu tomb No.1 at Guodian belongs to the early phase of the late Warring States period. Artifacts ex- cavated from the tomb bear characteristics similar to those of artifacts from tombs Baoshan M1, M2, M4, and M5, Mashan M1 and the Jiudian tomb of the sixth phase of the fourth period. The Guodian tomb should not be later than the Qin general Bai Qi captured the Ying capital of Chu state. More speci- fically, the absolute date of the tomb could be assigned to 300 BC or around.