春小麦醇溶蛋白α-、β-、γ-、ω-组分积累规律及氮素调节效应

Accumulation Pattern of Gliadin Fractions α,β,γ,ψ and Regulation of Nitrogen

为研究氮素形态对小麦醇溶蛋白及其组分积累的调节效应,以4种HMW-GS亚基组成的18个春小麦品种(系)为材料,研究了醇溶蛋白α、β、γ、ω组分积累规律及3种形态氮素的调节作用。结果表明,各品种醇溶蛋白含量均随籽粒灌浆的进行逐渐增加,但积累强度和最终积累水平存在明显差异;4种亚基类型中,以7+9、2+12亚基类型品种积累强度最小,最终积累水平较低。籽粒灌浆过程中,4种醇溶蛋白组分均呈增加趋势,但各组分的积累进程有所不同。不同形态氮素处理,醇溶蛋白及4种组分的积累规律一致,但对其形成和最终积累水平有不同调节效应,并因品种而异。比较而言,酰胺态氮素更有利于醇溶蛋白及各组分的形成与积累。

Gliadin, the major storage protein in endosperm, affected grain quality in spring wheat by its content and composition. Eighteen cultivars differing in HMW-GS were used in the study to approach the accumulation pattern of gliadin fractionsα,β,γ,ωand regulation of three kinds of nitrogen source. The results showed that the content of gliadin in grains increased gradually along with the process of grain-filling, but the accumulation intensity and final content differed evidently among cultivars with different HMW-GS compositions. Of all the subunit types used here, cultivars with subunits 7+9 and 2+12 had smaller accumulation intensity and lower final content. During grain-filling, four gliadin fractions had the same trend of increase, but differed in accumulation course. The dynamic trends of gliadin accumulation were similar in different nitrogen treatments whose effects on initial amount, accumulation intensity and final level of accumulation varied with cultivars. Of three nitrogen fertilizer types, the amide-form nitrogen source was better to the formation and accumulation of gliadin as well as its four fractions.