罗布泊干涸时间讨论

Discussion on the Dried-up Time of the Lop Nur Lake

罗布泊干涸时间过去被许多人认为是1972年,但美国近年公开的其第一代侦察卫星CORONA影像显示,它1961年已干涸;另据1958航测1963出版的1∶10万地形图,被称为大耳朵湖区的罗布泊,有面积超过5000km2的水面。据此认为罗布泊是1958-1961年间迅速干涸的。但通过水量平衡计算、盐壳特征及影像分析,对1958年淹没区如此巨大提出置疑。若置疑成立,那大耳朵湖区的盐壳及其在卫星影像上表现出的纹理,就可能不是在1958-1961年间由湖水的迅速干涸而形成。它可能是在更早的时期,例如是全新世晚期以来,由当时作为一个盐湖的罗布泊,逐渐干缩(干缩过程有反复)而形成的。

Located in the east of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, the Lop Nur Lake was a terminal lake of the TarimRiver, and it was the center of stream water convergence and salt accumulation.Because of the impacts of bothnatural and artificial factors,the Lop Nur Lake “shifted” in the delta front of the lower reaches of the Tarim River(including the Kongque River),so it was considered that the Lop Nur Lake was a “shifting lake”.A recent studyreveals that the Lop Nur Lake was not a shifting Lake.According to the information derived from the satelliteimages and aviation investigation,the large ear-shaped part of the Lop Nur Lake was dried up during a shortperiod from 1958 to 1961.But it is impossible that there was a so large area submerged in the Lop Nur region,which is revealed by the results of water balance calculation,characteristics of salt crust and remote imaginationanalysis.