宁夏人口地理的初步研究

Research on Population Geography in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

运用人口地理学基本研究方法,详细论述了宁夏人口地理问题。研究结果指出,宁夏人口质量显著改变,但人口文化结构依然落后;人口过快增长与人均GDP低下相矛盾;人口产业结构单一,人口职业结构为体力主导型及人口技术结构层次低下;人口城镇化水平提高,但人口空间结构依然不合理等。文章指出解决宁夏人口地理问题,进一步实现区域可持续发展的主要途径是加强人力资源的投资与开发;调整产业结构,加强区域合作与分工;推进区域经济健康持续发展。

In this paper,the problems of population geography in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region are researchedin detail based on the theory of population geography.The results are follows: (1) The population is obviouslychangeable,and the people are still undereducated.In 1999,the education level of the farmers in southernmountainous regions is 2.54% lower than that in the irrigated region.The difference of the education levelbetween southern mountainous and irrigated region is the best barrier which hinders the development of regionaleconomy.Specially,the lower education level of the farmers in southern mountainous regions is the main reasonwhich is caused PRED contradiction in Ningxia;(2) There are some contradictions between the rapid populationgrowth and the low per capita GDP.According to the statistics,the per capita GDP in Ningxia Hui AutonomousRegion was 5804 yuan RMB in 2002,and it was lower than this level in 11 counties,in which 7 counties areunder Guyuan City.This situation reveals that Guyuan City is the most serious handicap for the sustainableeconomic development in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the future; (3) Since 1980s,the industrial structureof Ningxia has been informed and changed.The proportion of tertiary industry is obviously increased.But theindustrial structure of population is unitary,occupation structure is dominated by labor-concentrated industries,and the level of technique-concentrated industries is low.The unitary industrial structure and occupation structureof population reflects the lower development level of regional economy;(4) Urban population increases.In 2000,the urbanization level of Yinchuan City and Shizuishan City reached to 86.47% and 100% respectively (excludingthe counties under these two cities),whereas the average urbanization level of the counties reached to 7.22%only.Furthermore,in order to achieve the regional sustainable development resolve these problems of populationgeography,several countermeasures are putted forward.It is suggested to invest and develop the labor resourcescontinuously.Firstly,the manpower capital is the foundation of quality pyramid and guarantee equal investmentin each and every region.Secondly,government and other investor strengthen and support poor people who runshort of education chance.The industrial structure is regulated and the labor forces is transferred effectively so asto promote the regional economic development.Specially,the problems of agriculture,farmer and country shouldbe resolved.In the process of global economy development,the industrialization and urbanization of Ningxiashould be carried forward sequentially.The regional industrialization accelerates regional urbanization.But theregional urbanization is the foundation of regional industrialization.Center cities are actualized continuously todrive development of economy of whole region.