慢性咳嗽病因的前瞻性研究

A Prospective Study on the Causes of Chronic Cough

目的 对慢性咳嗽的病因进行前瞻性研究。方法 采用解剖学诊断和诱导痰检查方法 ,对连续 10 5例时间持续 8周以上的咳嗽患者进行病因初步诊断 ,并通过针对性治疗证实。结果 在 10 5例慢性咳嗽患者中 ,10 2例(97% )的病因得到明确。其中咳嗽变异型哮喘占慢性咳嗽病因的 5 1.4 % ,后鼻漏综合征占 2 6 .7% ,病毒感染后咳嗽占 8.5 %、嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎占 5 .7%、血管紧张素酶抑制剂相关咳嗽占 2 .9%、胃 -食管反流性疾病占1.9%。针对性治疗可使 84 %的单病因慢性咳嗽在 3周内消失。结论 咳嗽变异型哮喘和后鼻漏综合征是慢性咳嗽的常见病因。

Objective To investigate the causes and its spectrum of chronic cough prospectively.Methods The causes of 105 patients with consecutive cough for more than eight weeks were primarily evaluated with an anatomic diagnostic protocol incorporated with induced sputum analysis and then also determined by the specific therapy.Results The causes of cough were determined in 102 of 105(97%) patients.Cough was due to cough variant asthma in 51.4% patients,postnasal drip syndrome in 26.7% patients,postviral cough in 8.5% patients,eosinophilic bronchitis in 5.7% patients,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-related cough in 2.9% patients and gastroesophageal reflux disease in 1.9% patients.With a specific therapy,cough disappeared within three weeks in 84% of the patients with a single cause.Conclusion Cough variant asthma and postnasal drip syndrome are among the most important causes of chronic cough.