中国目录学发展简论

Brief Discussion on the Development of Chinese Bibliography

'目录学'一词由来已久,宋代苏象先在其所著《苏魏公谭训》里,就有'目录之学'四字的记载。其实,据史料考证,在宋代之前,尽管'目录学'一词不见经传,但目录、目录工作和目录学,均已出现和存在。考古学家发现,甲骨书有的按时代贮存,有的按组贮存,有的按类贮存。孔子整理六经的时候,自觉或不自觉地运用了目录学知识:其一,精选文献,如《诗经》,原来有3000多篇,后删定为311篇:其二,采用多种分类,如《国风》按地区分类,《雅》按时代分类,《颂》按性质分类;其三,编写提要,为《诗》、《书》撰有'言其作意'的序;其四,为'六艺'各篇厘定次序。

The word of bibliography is of long-standing.The first special bibliography'Bing Lu',the firstsummary bibliography'Bie Lu',& the first national bibliography'Qi Lu'appeared in the Han Dy-nasty.On this basis,three systems of Official Bibliography,History bibliography and private bibliog-raphy formed;the narrative,biographical and compiling systems for cataloguing produced and over2000 bibliographers and 4000 works emerged.In order to develop document resources and strengtheninformation service,we should impel our bibliography work to develop continuously.