正义峡径流变化与人类活动影响分析

An Analysis of Runoff Change and Effects of Human Activities in Zhengyixia Valley

通过对正义峡径流长观资料的距平差积变化与人类活动影响对比分析,结果表明,正义峡径流量依上游来水和中游 灌溉用水多少而定,存在分阶段及近些年衰减增大的多年变化,径流衰减主要是中游引用河水与开采地下水的消耗量增大, 地下水补给萎缩与泉水基流减少所致。泉水是正义峡径流的主要成份,占径流总量63％,但年内不同时间径流组成有较大不 同,集中用水期可占100％。因此减少中游消耗性用水,以涵养地下水,维持泉水存在对保持下游盆地河水稳定和生态环境的 切实保护有特别重要的作用。

A contrast analysis was made on the variation of residual runoff materials at Zhengyixia valley in the light of long-term observation data and impacts of the Human activities. The results indicate that the runoff amounts at Zhengyixia valley depend on water from the upper reaches and irrigation water in the middle reaches, and that there exist variations of different stages and increasing water depletion in recent years. The decrease of runoff amounts results from increasing consumption of river water and excessive exploitation of groundwater, decreasing recharge of groundwater and decreasing baseflow from springs. The spring water is a main component part of runoff at Yingluoxia valley, which accounts for 63% of the total runoff amount. However, relatively great differences of runoff components exist in different periods of a year, and the runoff may account for 100% in the intense water-use period. Therefore, it is especially important to keep stability of river water and protect the ecological environment in the lower reaches by decreasing consumptive water utilization in the middle reaches and accumulating groundwater and spring water.