再考"沕水"之"沕"的本字

Another Textual Research on the Original of "mi" in "mishui"

北方方言中的西南官话和江淮官话、粤方言、闽方言、湘方言、赣方言以及客家方言部分方言点,把"潜水"的词根读成"[mi(?)]"、"[mei(?)]"、"[m(?)]"等,相关方言著作普遍认为"沕"是这一词根的本字。然而从古文献材料来看,"没"才是这一词根的本字。"没"的初文为"(?)",根据《说文解字》"(?)……读若沫"推测,"没"在《广韵》之前存在有微部阴声韵三等去声明母一读,此音正是北方方言中的西南官话和江淮官话、粤方言、闽方言、湘方言、赣方言以及客家方言部分方言点"潜水"的词根的共同读音来源。本文还附带证明周德清《中原音韵》中的"汆"是用来书写"没"的俗字。

The root of 'qianshui' has been read as [mi], [mei], [m(?)] and so on in the southwestern official language of north dialect, the official language in Jiangsu area, Guangdong dialect, Fujian dialect, Hunan dialect, Jiangxi dialect and some of Hakka. All dialect works relivent to that believe 'mi' is the original of the root. But we can find from ancient documents that 'mo' should be the original. At first 'mo' is written as 'mo'. We can infer from 'mo…is read as mo' in 'shuowenjiezi', 'mo' had been read as faintly lowering phonemes and the third falling tune before 'guangyun', which is the common origin of the root of 'qianshui' in southwestern official language of north dialect, official language of Jiangsu area; Guangdong dialect, Fujian dialect, Hunan doalect, Jiangxi dialect and some of Hakka. In addition, this article also proves that 'tun' in 'zhongyuanyinyun' by Zhou Deqing is a word in vernacular to replace ' mo'.