剑桥学术传统与研究方法:从利维斯谈起

On Cambridge Tradition of Criticism: with Leavis as an Example

利维斯是剑桥学术传统的代表人物 ,他运用的文本分析批评方法深入研究文学作品 ,着重关注文学作品的道德和政治社会意义 ,是后来出现的新批评的先导。利维斯的文学批评始终是建立在文化批评和社会批评基础上的阅读批评 ,有很强的道德批评的倾向。我国现在的文学研究追逐所谓的文化的、哲学的、美学的抽象阐释 ,忽视文学批评的社会使命感和评价文学的道德标准 ,显然脱离了文学批评的目的。因此 ,我们从利维斯的批评中可以得到很多启示和借鉴意义。

F. R. Leavis is a representative of the Cambridge tradition of criticism. His method of practical criticism and close reading makes him a forerunner of Anglo-American New Criticism. Besides, his focus on the moral and political significance of literary works also gives him the status of a great cultural cri tic. The present paper holds that because of his double-leveled method of criticism, Leavis sets a model of effective literary criticism and, to some extent, rectifi es some extremist claims either in terms of political or ensthetical criticism in literary studies.