玉米子粒灌浆及种子萌发特性的粒位效应研究

Study on the Kernel Position Effects of Grain Filling and Seed Germination Characteristics in Maize

对粒重不同的2个纯合稳定普通玉米自交系及其正反交当代果穗上、中、下不同部位子粒的灌浆进程及成熟种子的电导率和萌发特性研究结果表明:①不同部位子粒百粒重均表现为下部>中部>上部,杂交当代的百粒重高于母本自交系;子粒灌浆速率的高低和有效灌浆期的长短是导致不同材料及不同部位子粒百粒重差异的主要原因。②中部子粒的电导率小于上、下部子粒,种子发芽率、发芽指数、发芽生长指数、贮藏物质消耗率和运转率大于上、下部子粒。种子萌发及幼苗特性的一致性也与粒位效应有关。

Two pure inbred lines and their two F0 crosses were used to study the grain-filling process of apical, middle and basal kernels and the electric conductivity and germination characteristics of the mature seeds. The results showed that: ①the 100-grain weights of different ear position kernels were the basal>the middle>the apical and the F0′was higher than the maternal line's. The grain-filling rate and effective filling period were the main reasons which led to the differences in 100-grain weight between different materials and ear positions. ②the electric conductivity of middle kernels was lower than the other two position kernels, and the seed germination rate, germination index, germination-growth index, the consumption and transfor -mation rate of the storage materials in endosperm was reverse. The consistency of seed germination characters were also related to the ear position of the kernels.