摘花与套袋防治黄瓜灰霉病效果研究

Effect of plucking flowers and bagging on the preventing and curing Botrytis cinerea Pers of cucumber.

田间试验研究结果表明,灰霉病菌对黄瓜瓜条侵染部位主要为开败的花瓣,占总侵染数的90 .2 %～93.0 % ,侵染柱头及花萼占6 .9%～9.3%。首次提出摘花及套袋防治黄瓜灰霉病新技术,对黄瓜灰霉病防治效果分别为80 .3%～94 .7%和6 1.4 %～95 .6 %。开花至花败后1～2d及花前至开花期分别为摘花和套袋防治黄瓜灰霉病最佳时期。开花至花败后1～2d摘花对黄瓜瓜条生长发育无明显负作用,且化瓜率降低18.0 %～2 0 .6 %。黄瓜瓜条不同发育时期套袋均表现增产效应,瓜条长增加7.4 %～10 .3% ,瓜条重量增加6 .7%～10 .8%。花败前套袋化瓜率降低11.3%～30 .2 % ,畸形瓜率降低4 1.2 %～6 1.6 %。

The systematical survey in the farm shows that botrytis cinerea Pers mainly infects the withered petals of cucumber,and the incidence accounts for 90.2%～93.0% of the total infected amount,the incidence on stigma and calyx makes up 6.9%～9.3%.The new technologies of preventing and curing botrytis cinerea Pers of cucumber by plucking flowers and bagging are put forward firstly.The effects of the two measures on prevention and cure of botrytis cinerea are 80.3%～94.7% and 61.4%～95.6% respectively.The best stages of taking the measures are from blooming to 1～2d after withering and before blooming to florescence.The former stage has no evident reaction on the development of the fruits,and incidence of wilting fruits is decreased by 18.0%～20.6%.At the different developing stages of the fruits,bagging all have the effect of increasing production,and the lengths of the fruits are increased by 7.4%～10.3%,the weights increased by 6.7%～10.8%.The incidence of wilting fruits is decreased by 11.3%～30.2% by bagging before flowers wither,and abnormal fruits are decreased by 41.2%～61.6%.