从叙述学角度谈品彻·马丁的二度死亡

On the Two Deaths of Pincher Martin: A Narrative Perspective

《品彻·马丁》中主人公品彻·马丁的二度死亡是长期困扰国内外学界的问题,该问题可以通过叙述视角的区分得以破解。从当代叙述学的角度看,马丁的二度死亡并非真正的两次死亡,二度死亡之谜其实是内视角和外视角两个不同的叙述层面对读者交叉作用的结果。戈尔丁利用现代读者趋向人物视角的心理,让马丁歪曲事实的叙述占据读者的头脑,并将马丁的临终遐想时间拉长,从而导致内视角和外视角的时差,使原本一次的死亡幻化成不同时间、不同世界的“二度死亡”。

The issue of two deaths of Pincher Martin in Pincher Martin has been a great controversy in William Golding studies. The Western critics tend to address the issue from a religious perspective and take Martin's flashback as his afterlife reflections. This paper takes a narrative perspective to look at the controversial issue, and concludes that the two deaths are not“double deaths”but two points of view on the parts of the narrator and the protagonist. By lengthening the transient hour right before Martin's death, Golding manages to instill Martin's flashback into readers' minds and evoke the hallucination of Martin's“two deaths”.