短时动作记忆的容量和精确度与动作学习的关系

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHORT-TERM MOTOR MEMORY STORAGE AND PRECISION AND MOTOR LEARNING

该研究采用实验室实验法，被试自我报告分析及调查访问法，以三个年龄（１０岁、１４岁、１８岁）组学生及专项运动员为实验对象，揭示短时动作记忆的容量和精确度及其与动作学习指数的关系。结果表明：（１）被试的短时动作记忆容量为“５±２”，短时动作记忆的容量与动作学习的练习次数相联系；短时动作记忆的精确度与第一次动作练习的准确度相联系。（２）短时动作记忆的容量有随年龄增长而递增的趋势。（３）运动员与非运动员被试对于同类动作学习的练习次数存在显著性差异。

Laboratory and investory methods were employed to explore the short-term motor memory storage and precision and the relationship between them and motor learning indices. The subjects were students and sportsmen of three age groups(10, 14, 18 year-old)respectively. The results showed that: 1)The limit of short-term motor memory storage was“5±2”; Short-term motor memory storage was related to the practice frequency of the motor learning; Short-term motor memory precision was related to the accuracy of the first exercise.2)Shortterm memory storage tended to increase with age. 3)The prectice frequency of motor learning between sportsmen and unsportsmen had significant differance.