论班图拉观察学习理论的特征及其历史地位

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND HISTORICAL STANDING OF BANDURA’S OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING THEORY

该文从以下三个方面分析了班图拉观察学习理论的特征：（１）强化与认知的结合，（２）行为主义的建构论，（３）交互决定论。作者认为，班图拉对心理学的杰出贡献是他发掘了观察学习这一前人所忽视的学习形式，给了观察学习以应有的地位。作者认为，班图拉在其观察学习的研究中，注重社会因素的影响。以认知的术语阐述观察学习的过程与作用，且注重以人为被试的实验，因而对学习心理学的发展产生重要影响。

Three characteristics of Bandura's theory of observational learning-integration of reinforcement and cognition, behavioral constructivism and reciprocal determinism were discussed in the paper.The present writer considers Bandura's outstanding contribution to psychology is that he investigated the observational learning which had been neglected by other learning theorists In. the author's opinion, in his reseach of observational learning,Bandura emphasized the function of social influewce, expounding the processes and functions of observational learning in cognitive terms and lay stress on experiments in which human beings were used as subjects. All of these rendered Bandura's theory of observational learning to play an important role in the development of learning psychology.