不同地区小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

Diversity of Wheat High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits

采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)技术,对山东育成的小麦骨干亲本30份,外省引进材料17份,外国引进材料(CIMMYT、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等)28 份进行高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成分析。结果表明,山东省育成的骨干亲本中,Glu-A1位点上共有3种等位变异,其中以1亚基为主,频率为73 3%;Glu-B1位点上共发现6种等位变异,其中亚基对7+8最多,频率为50 0%, 其次是7+9(33 3%);Glu-D1 位点上共有 3 种等位变异,其中 4+12 最多,占 40 0%, 2+12 为 36 7%, 5+10 为23 3%。外省品种中 Glu-A1位点上共有2种等位变异,亚基1最多,频率为58 8%;Glu-B1位点共4种等位变异,以7+9最多,为64 7%;Glu-D1位点共有3种等位变异,其中以2+12最多,为64 7%。外国品种中Glu-A1位点有3种等位变异,其中以2*最多,占50%, 1亚基占39 3%;Glu-B1位点共有4种等位变异,7+8最多,为42 9%,7+9为35 7%,17+18为17 8%;Glu-D1位点共有3种等位变异,5+10最多,为53 6%。从总体上看,国外引进品种中优质亚基(17+18、5+10等)分布频率较高。

Genetic diversity of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) was investigated in 30 Shandong released wheat varieties,17 varieties from other provinces and 28 varieties from foreign countries applying sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that there were 3, 6 and 3 alleles at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci in Shandong released varieties, respectively, among which the dominating alleles were subunit 1(73.3%), 7+8(50.0%) or 7+9 (33.3%) and 4+12(40.0%). There were 2, 4 and 3 alleles at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci in varieties from other provinces, among which the dominating alleles were subunit 1(58.8%), 7+9(64.7%) or 7+8 (23.5%) and 2+12(64.7%). There were 3, 4 and 3 alleles at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci in varieties from foreign countries, among which the dominating alleles were subunit 2*(50%) or 1(39.3%), 7+8(42.9%) or 7+9 (35.7%) and 5+10(53.6%) or 2+12(39.3%), and the frequency of 17+18 was 17.8% at Glu-B1 locus. In addition, a rare subunit 2.2+12 was found. In general, the frequencies of good quality subunits (5+10, 17+18) in foreign varieties were much higher than those in Chinese wheat.