水稻内生真菌类群分析及其颉抗病原菌活性研究

Studies on Communities of Endophytic Fungi from Rice and Their Antipathogenic Activities in Vitro

采用常规方法对广东省番禺和五山两地种植的水稻内生真菌进行分离、鉴定和比较分析,结果表明两地水稻内生真菌的优势菌群为镰刀菌Fusariumspp 。同一地区从感病品种和生长不良水稻植株中分离出内生真菌种类相对丰富。水稻根和茎叶中分离出内生真菌的种类有差异,叶片中内生真菌的多样性高于根部,一些内生真菌的分布呈现出器官特异性。通过平板颉抗试验,发现分离到的内生真菌中有41 2%表现出不同程度的抗水稻病原菌活性,其中镰刀菌Fusariumspp 的比例最大。一些内生真菌的抗病原菌活性与产生铁载体有关。

The population of endophytic fungi of rice in Panyu and Wushan area in Guangdong province were studied. The preponderant endophytic fungi isolated belonged to Fusarium spp.. The distributions of endophytic fungi in roots and leaves were different, endophytic fungi from leaves were diverse, some were organ-specific. More diverse endophytic fungi were isolated from poor-growing seedlings and susceptible rice cultivars than those from the disease-resistant counterparts. In the assay of dual culture and detection of activities of the metabolites, 41.2% of all isolated endophytic fungi showed antagonistic activify to rice pathogens. Fusarium spp., the major part of the antagonistic communities, reached 58.8% of all active fungi. Some strains of endophytic fungi were screened for the production of siderophores (conferring the endophytes the ability to inhibit pathogen growth in low-iron media)with which the endophytes can inhibit pathogen growth in low-iron media.