蚌埠地区农村中小学生头虱感染流行因素调查

Survey on prevalent factors of pediculus humanus capitis infection in middle and primary school students of rural area of Bengbu

目的 :探讨头虱感染与个人和社会因素的关系。方法 :肉眼观察学生头部有毛发的部位 ,凡发现头虱成虫、若虫及活卵者均为感染阳性 ,同时对其卫生习惯、父母的文化程度及职业、家庭居住情况和家庭子女数等因素进行问卷调查。结果 :受检学生头虱感染率为 19.16 % ,男性为 12 .81% ,女性为 2 9.33% ,两性别间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。初中生感染率为 10 .0 0 % ,小学生感染率为 2 7.6 7% ,小学生感染率高于初中生 (P <0 .0 0 5 )。头虱感染与不勤洗头、洗澡及与家人共用卫生洁具有密切关系 (P <0 .0 0 5和P <0 .0 1) ;父母文化程度及职业、居住情况和家庭子女数等因素对中小学生头虱感染率也有很大的影响(P <0 .0 5～P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :蚌埠地区农村中小学生头虱感染率较高 ,与不良卫生习惯、父母文化程度及职业。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the infection rate of head louse and personal-social factors.Methods:The eggs,nymph or adults of pediculus humanus(P. h.) capitis on the head of the children were examined and their personal hygiene habits,parents' education level and occupation,living condition and the children number of the family were investigated.Results:The total infection rate was 19.16%.The male infection rate was 12.81% and female 29.33%(P<0.01).The middle school students' infection rate was 10.00%,and the pupils' 27.67%.The infection rate was higher in students who did not have the habits of often washing their head and having a bath or shared washing tools with their family members.The parents' education level and occupation,living condition and the children number of the family were the factors for the students' infection of P.h.capitis.Conclusions:The high infection rate of P.h.capitis of the rural students is closely associated with the bad personal hygiene habit of the kids,the parents' education level and occupation,their living condition and the children number of the family.