用RT-PCR和ELISA对暴发性急性胃肠炎事件中诺沃克样病毒检测的比较

Comparison of RT-PCR and ELISA in the detection of Norwalk-like viruses in the out-break of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis

目的 诺沃克样病毒是世界范围内急性非细菌性流行性胃肠炎的重要病原。采用RT-PCR和ELISA两种方法对广州市多起暴发性急性胃肠炎事件中病人标本进行诺沃克样病毒检测 ,了解广州市诺沃克样病毒流行情况 ,并对RT-PCR和ELISA两种检测方法进行比较。方法 用RT-PCR和ELISA对 76份腹泻病人粪便 ,2 3份肛拭子 ,12份食物进行诺沃克样病毒检测。结果 粪便通过RT-PCR检出阳性 37份 ,ELISA检出阳性 17份 ,肛拭子仅通过RT-PCR检出 1份阳性 ,食物无阳性检出。结论 这是首次我国实验室证实的由诺沃克样病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发。RT-PCR的阳性率大于ELISA ,且检品以粪便为好。并且我们的分离株与诺沃克原型株相应序列比较的同源性大于 90 %

Norwalk-like viruses are the important etiological agents of the worldwide distributed acute epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis. In the present study, these viruses in the clinical specimens of patients in two outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis in Guangzhou area were investigated by RT-PCR and ELISA.Serenty-six fecal specimens, 23 anus swabs and 12 food materials were examined by RT-PCR and ELISA. The results showed that Norwalk-like viruses were found by using RT-PCR in 37 fecal specimens, but only 17 fecal specimens were found to be positive for Norwalk-like viruses by ELISA. Only one anus swab was found to be positive by RT-PCR, and no virus was detected in food materials by both method. The sequence identity of the isolated viruses with the corresponding standard strains was more than 90%.