发展中国家公营企业改革的路径选择

The Route to the Reform of Public Enterprises in Developing Countries

公营企业作为国民经济的重要组成部分,在一国经济发展中扮演着举足轻重的角色。但进入2 0世纪80年代以来,各发展中国家公营企业却普遍面临效益低下,亏损严重的困境。为此,各发展中国家纷纷采取了一系列改革措施,主要包括:推行私有化、营造竞争环境、硬化预算约束。

Public enterprise is an important composition of national economy.It plays a decisive role in the development of a country.However,After the 1980's,most public enterprises have met low benefits and serious loss.Therefore,it is necessary for developing countries to take a series of measures to reform the present mechanism.These measures include practicing privatization,constructing competitive surroundings,hardening budget restraint,and using management contract.