高龄机械通气病人鼻饲反流误吸的护理干预

Nursing intervention to reduce countercurrent mistake inhalation for the elderly patients with mechanical ventilation and tube feeding

老年人器官病理生理均发生变化,在机械通气并留置胃管后易发生反流误吸.总结2∞1～2∞4年使用机械通气留置胃管患者46例,结合临床分析其发生原因,并提出改进方法,进行护理干预.保持呼吸道通畅、合适的体位、以持续滴入流食代替间断喂养、减少胃残余量、妥善固定鼻饲管等方法可以明显减少反流误吸的发生.

For the elderly patients,there are both phsysiological and pathological changes in their body organs,so they are susceptible to countercurrent mistake inhalation when using mechanical ventilation and tube feeding.This article summarized the experience gained with 46 cases of elderly patients using mechanical ventilation and tube feeding in the period of 2001 to 2004.Combined with the clinical cases,the author analyzed the causes of countercurrent mistake inhalation and proposed the improvement measures,such as keeping the airway clear and appropriate posture,adopting persistent instilling instead of discontinuous feeding,reducing the remains of stomach,fixing the nose-tube appropriately,which could obviously reduce the occurrence of countercurrent mistake inhalation.