潮棕壤不同利用方式有机碳剖面分布及碳储量

Profile Distribution and Storage of Soil Organic Carbon in an Aquic Brown Soil as Affected by Land Use

对潮棕壤水稻田、玉米地、撂荒地和人工林地 4 种土地利用方式经过 14 年后在 0～150 cm 土体 10个土层中土壤有机碳含量的剖面分布、C/N 及有机碳储量进行比较研究。结果表明,不同利用方式下土壤有机碳含量产生明显的剖面分布差异。林地各土层有机碳含量较其它几种利用方式高,表明不同利用方式对土壤碳产生较大影响;土壤有机碳与全氮极显著相关,但自然生态系统中碳与氮的相关性略高于农田生态系统(林地R =0.990,撂荒地 R =0.990,稻田 R =0.976,玉米地 R =0.980,P < 0.001,n =30);剖面中 C/N 随深度而 2 2 2 2下降,林地 C/N 较高,稻田 C/N 较低,玉米地与撂荒地相应土层中 C/N 相近;在 100 cm 深度内,林地土壤分别比稻田、玉米地、撂荒地每年多截获 4.25、2.87 和 4.48 t·ha-1有机碳,年增幅分别为 6.15%、3.26%和 5.09%;林地有机碳储量显著高于稻田、玉米地和撂荒地(P 值分别达到 0.001、0.008 和 0.008),其它 3 种利用方式间差异不显著。据此认为林地在增加碳储量及改善环境方面具有很大的潜力。

Many attempts have been made to estimate the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage under different land uses, especially from the conversion of forest land or grassland into cultivated field, but limited reports were found on the estimation of this storage after cultivated field converted into woodland or grassland, especially in small scales. This study is aimed to investigate the dynamics of SOC concentration, its storage and carbon /nitrogen (C/N) ratio in an aquic brown soil at the Shenyang Experimental Station of Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences under four land use patterns over 14 years. The four land use patterns were paddy field (PF), maize field (MF), fallow field (FF) and woodland (WL). In each pedon at 0-150 cm depth, soil samples were collected from ten layers. The results showed that the profile distribution of SOC was different under different land uses, indicating the effect of land use on SOC. Soil organic carbon was significantly related with soil total N, and the correlation was slightly closer in nature ecosystems (with R2=0.990 and P<0.001 in both WL and FF, n=30) than in agroecosystems (with R2=0.976 and P<0.001 in PF, and R2=0.980 and P<0.001 in MF, n=30). The C/N ratio in the profiles decreased generally with depth under the four land use patterns, and was comparatively higher in WL and lower in PF. The C/N ratio of the FF was closer to that in the same soil depths of MF than to that of PF. Within 100 cm depth, the annual sequestration of SOC was 4.25, 2.87, and 4.48 t·ha-1 more in WL than in PF, MF and FF, the annual increase rate of SOC being 6.15 %, 3.26 %, and 5.09 %, respectively. As a result, the SOC storage was significantly greater in WL than other three land use patterns(P=0.001, 0.008, and 0.008). As compared with PF, MF, and FF, respectively, while there was no significant difference among the other three land uses. It is suggested that woodland has a great potential in making a significant contribution to C storage and environmental quality.