黑热病人机体免疫反应的动态观察

A DYNAMIC OBSERVATION ON IMMUNE REACTIONS OF KALA-AZAR PATIENTS

通过２６例原黑热病患者机体免疫反应的动态观察，表明特异性抗体在治愈后１４年才能消失，细胞免疫治愈后５年才能建立，而且两者间关系非常密切。有理由认为，基层黑热病防治效果的血清学监测用ＩＦＡＴ方法不如补体结合试验（ＣＦＴ）方便、实用，ＬＤＴ和ＩＦＡＴ结合适用于黑热病人疗效评估。建议ＩＦＡＴ起始滴度定为１：４０。

Twenty-six patients who had documented kala-azar and bad been effectively treated 1～40 years before were followed up in the years 1989 and 1991 to study their immune reactions to the disease dynamically by means of IFAT and LDT. The results demonstrated that the specific antibody IgG would persist as long as 14 years after treatment while the cellular immunity could not be established sooner than 5 years. Analysis of the data of IFAT and LDT sbowed the humoral and cellular immune mechanisms are closely related (P<0.o1) . For evaluating a cure of kala-azar, it is recommended to employ IFAT and LDT jointly and start IFAT from 1 : 40 dilution, as LDT would turn positive when IFAT titer drops below 1: 20. However, there are reasons to use the simple and practical CFT(complement fixation test) to monitor the effect of a kala-azar treatment instead of the rather complex IFAT.