高温对一季晚稻结实率与产量的影响及其防御技术

Effects of High Temperature on Seed Setting Rate and Yield and Its Defense Technique in Single-cropping Late Rice

为了寻找湖南省主推一季晚稻品种最佳播种期,避开水稻幼穗分化的减数分裂期与抽穗期的高温热害,通过分期播种,研究不同时期的气温对一季晚稻品种幼穗分化的减数分裂、抽穗灌浆结实及产量的影响,同时调查了湖南省大面积生产的高温热害。研究与调查结果表明:在湘中地区,生育期相对较长的一季晚稻品种最佳播种期是5月20日左右,生育期相对较短的一季晚稻品种最佳播种期是5月30日左右,最安全的幼穗分化的减数分裂期是8月13日后,最安全的抽穗灌浆期则是8月下旬。

In order to find the best sowing date of single-cropping late rice in Hunan, and to avoid high temperature harm to rice in pollen mother cell meiosis stage and heading stage, the effects of air temperature of different rice stage in pollen mother cell meiosis stage and heading stage on seed setting rate and yield were studied by different sowing date in plot. The harm of high temperature to rice in Hunan province also was investigated. The results showed that the best sowing date of the long-growing -period-single-cropping late rice was on 20th May, and to the short-growing-period-single -cropping late rice, the best sowing date was on 30th May in the center of Hunan. The safety pollen mother cell meiosis stage of panicle development stage and heading stage were after 13th Aug and the last ten days of August in both sort of rice, respectively.